Complications such as hyperglycemia is an emergency situation that may occur in the course of the disease diabetes . These complications can occur at the cellular level and all anatomic levels . There are two complications that can occur , namely the acute complications and chronic complications . Manifestations of acute complications that can occur , namely coma hypoglycemia , ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma nonketotik , whereas chronic complications can occur in small blood vessels ( microvascular ) and large blood vessels ( macrovascular ) .
In the small blood vessels form in the retina of the eye abnormalities , kidney glomerulus , nerve and heart muscle ( cardiomyopathy ) . In large blood vessel manifestations may occur in the blood vessels of the heart ( coronary heart disease ) and peripheral vascular disease ( lower extremity ) . In addition it can also be a complication of diabetes excessive susceptibility to infection by the ease with becoming a urinary tract infection , pulmonary tuberculosis and foot infections , which can then develop into ulcers / diabetic gangrene .
Hyperglycemia ( serum glucose levels rise ) due to a lack of the hormone insulin , decreasing the effects of insulin or both are characteristic of diabetes mellitus ( DM ) . This metabolic disease is a degenerative disease that is becoming one of the major threats to human health in the 21st century . According to estimates by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , people with diabetes over the age of 20 years in 2000 amounted to 150 million people and that number will increase to 300 million by 2025 , where Indonesia ranks 4th with the largest number of people with diabetes around the world after India , China and the United States, which amounts to 1-2 million people in 2005 with an increase of 230,000 patients per years.1 , 2,3,4
While in Medan itself DM is also still a major threat and is still a disease with most patients each month . In September 2010 there were 1,369 outpatients , of this number there were 113 new cases of diabetes mellitus .
DM according to WHO classification consists of type 1 diabetes , type 2 diabetes , gestational DM and DM particular form . Among all types of diabetes is more than 90 % suffer from type 2 diabetes . This is because there has been a shift in the pattern of life in which people are more likely to consume fast food and not doing enough physical activity . Besides, there are several factors that are also closely related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes are age , gender and family history of the disease .
Type 2 diabetes usually starts in the elderly , it is confirmed by studies Radio Abrams ( 2011) which states that the factors associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus are age and family history diamana people aged ≥ 45 years had a risk 9 times for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes compared to those aged less than 45 years . Meanwhile, people who have a family history of diabetes mellitus have a risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 42 times compared with those who do not have a family history of diabetes mellitus . Besides type 2 diabetes is more common in men , because In males concentrated accumulation of fat around the stomach so that more risk provoking a metabolic disorder .
Based on the description above, the researcher wants to conduct a study titled several factors related to the characteristics of Type 2 diabetes in RS Haji Field in 2013 . This research was conducted at the Hospital of Hajj because no previous studies that describe how many patients who suffer from Type 2 diabetes mellitus who came for treatment .
In the small blood vessels form in the retina of the eye abnormalities , kidney glomerulus , nerve and heart muscle ( cardiomyopathy ) . In large blood vessel manifestations may occur in the blood vessels of the heart ( coronary heart disease ) and peripheral vascular disease ( lower extremity ) . In addition it can also be a complication of diabetes excessive susceptibility to infection by the ease with becoming a urinary tract infection , pulmonary tuberculosis and foot infections , which can then develop into ulcers / diabetic gangrene .
Hyperglycemia ( serum glucose levels rise ) due to a lack of the hormone insulin , decreasing the effects of insulin or both are characteristic of diabetes mellitus ( DM ) . This metabolic disease is a degenerative disease that is becoming one of the major threats to human health in the 21st century . According to estimates by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , people with diabetes over the age of 20 years in 2000 amounted to 150 million people and that number will increase to 300 million by 2025 , where Indonesia ranks 4th with the largest number of people with diabetes around the world after India , China and the United States, which amounts to 1-2 million people in 2005 with an increase of 230,000 patients per years.1 , 2,3,4
While in Medan itself DM is also still a major threat and is still a disease with most patients each month . In September 2010 there were 1,369 outpatients , of this number there were 113 new cases of diabetes mellitus .
DM according to WHO classification consists of type 1 diabetes , type 2 diabetes , gestational DM and DM particular form . Among all types of diabetes is more than 90 % suffer from type 2 diabetes . This is because there has been a shift in the pattern of life in which people are more likely to consume fast food and not doing enough physical activity . Besides, there are several factors that are also closely related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes are age , gender and family history of the disease .
Type 2 diabetes usually starts in the elderly , it is confirmed by studies Radio Abrams ( 2011) which states that the factors associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus are age and family history diamana people aged ≥ 45 years had a risk 9 times for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes compared to those aged less than 45 years . Meanwhile, people who have a family history of diabetes mellitus have a risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 42 times compared with those who do not have a family history of diabetes mellitus . Besides type 2 diabetes is more common in men , because In males concentrated accumulation of fat around the stomach so that more risk provoking a metabolic disorder .
Based on the description above, the researcher wants to conduct a study titled several factors related to the characteristics of Type 2 diabetes in RS Haji Field in 2013 . This research was conducted at the Hospital of Hajj because no previous studies that describe how many patients who suffer from Type 2 diabetes mellitus who came for treatment .
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