Definition and Criteria for Obesity

Obesity is defined as a disorder or disease characterized by the accumulation of excess body fat tissue . To determine the required criteria for obesity based on anthropometric measurements and laboratory investigation or , in general use :

Measurement of body weight (BW ) were compared with the standard and is called obese when B > 120 % BB standar.4

Measurement of body weight compared to height ( weight / height ) . Said to be obese when weight / height > 95th percentile or > 120 % 6 or Z -score ≥ + 2 SD.1

Measurement of subcutaneous fat by measuring skinfold thickness ( thickness of skin folds / TLK ) . As an indicator of obesity when TLK Triceps > 85.6 percentile

Fat measurement laboratory , for example densitometry , hydrometric etc. . which is not used in children because it is difficult and impractical . DXA is the most accurate method , but it is not practical to dilapangan.4

Body Mass Index ( BMI ) > 95th percentile as an indicator obesitas.

Obesity started to become a health problem throughout the world , even the WHO declared that obesity is already a global epidemic , so obesity is already a health problem that must be ditangani . In Indonesia , especially in large cities , with the lifestyle changes that lead to westernization and sedentary result in a change of diet / consumption society refers to a diet high in calories , high in fat and cholesterol , 2.3 mainly to supply food ready food ( fast food ) that impact increases the risk obesitas.

The prevalence of obesity increased from year to year , both in the developed and developing countries . Based SUSENAS , the prevalence of obesity ( > 120 % raw median WHO / NCHS ) in infants has increased in both urban and rural . In urban areas in 1989 found 4.6 % of men and 5.9 % of women , rising to 6.3 % of men and 8 % of women in 1992 and in the countryside in 1989 found 2.3 % of men and 3.8 % of women , rising to 3.9 % of men and 4.7 % of women in 1992.2

Obesity in childhood is at high risk of becoming obese adults and potentially future metabolic disease and degenerative diseases in the future . 1,3,4 blood lipid profile in obese children resemble lipid profile in cardiovascular disease and obese children are at risk of hypertension over long 4 Sharif study found hypertension in 20-30 % of children are obese , especially obese type abdominal.5 Thus obesity in children requires serious attention and  that as early as possible , by involving parents .

Developments trip Obesity

According to Dietz , there are 3 critical periods in the future development of the child in relation to the occurrence of obesity , namely : prenatal period , especially the third trimester of pregnancy , the period of adiposity rebound at the age of 6-7 years and the period of adolescence .